Evaluation of the structural changes of uveitis patients by optical biometry.

Objective (Aim): To observe the ocular structural changes in active and inactive uveitis patients. Methods: This retrospective study involved 30 patients (32 eyes) with anterior and intermediate uveitis cases and 54 eyes of 54 cases in a control group, who were admitted to the Ophthalmology Department at Trakya University. In the study group, 14 patients were females, 16 patients were males and in the control group 26 volunteers were females, and 28 volunteers were male of the 54 volunteers. Anterior chamber depth, axial length, intraocular pressure, lens thickness, central corneal thickness, steep and flat values in keratometry, corrected visual acuity in both eyes, anterior chamber cells, and vitreous cells were measured and compared between three groups (two uveitis groups - active and inactive - and control group). Results: In the comparison of the median values of axial length, central corneal thickness, and steep and flat values of keratometry, the values of the patients with active uveitis were higher than the ones in the control group in each parameter, but no significant difference was observed. The anterior chamber depth parameter value was higher, the lens thickness value was lower in patients with active uveitis than the values in the control group and the differences were statistically significant (p<0,05). No significant structural differences in the values of the active and inactive group patients (p>0,05) were observed. Conclusions: Only lens thickness and anterior chamber depth parameters were statistically significant in patients with active uveitis, compared with the inactive uveitis group. Anterior chamber depth measurement values were higher and lens thickness measurement values were lower in patients with active uveitis when compared with the control group. Abbreviations: AAU = Acute anterior uveitis, CAU = Chronic Anterior Uveitis, AC = Anterior Chamber, IOP = Intraocular Pressure, IVCM = in vivo Confocal Microscopy, AS-OCT = Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography, UBM = Ultrasound Biomicroscopy, LFP = Laser Flare Photometry, KP = Keratic Precipitates, OCT = Optical Coherence Tomography, AL = Axial Length, ACD = Anterior Chamber Depth, LT = Lens Thickness, CCT = Central Corneal Thickness, Ks = Steep Value of Keratometry, Kf = Flat Value of Keratometry, AUP = Active Uveitis Patients, IUP = Inactive Uveitis Patients, SUN = Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature.

Association of Changes in Thickness of Limbal Epithelial and Stroma with Corneal Scars Detected by High-Resolution Anterior Segment Optic Coherence Tomography.

AIM: To investigate the corneal central and limbal thickness in cornea scar patients using high-resolution anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and to determine the changes in the limbal region due to the corneal scar. Also, to evaluate tear film parameters in scar patients. METHODS: Thirty patients with central corneal scar and 30 control subjects. The control subjects were healthy individuals who came to our clinic for routine ophthalmological examination. They were enrolled in this matched case-control study. Central epithelial thickness (ET), stromal thickness (ST), limbal epithelial thickness (LET), and limbal stromal thickness (LST) were analyzed using high-resolution AS-OCT. For evaluation of the ocular surface, the following techniques were used: tear break-up time (BUT) employing standard sterile strips of fluorescein sodium, Schirmer test-I (SCH), and the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) Questionnaire. RESULTS: The mean central ET of the patient group was 51.5 ± 12.4 µm, while the mean central ET of the control group was 59.2 ± 9.0 µm. There was a statistically significant difference between patients and controls (p = 0.008). The mean LST of the patients was 747.9 ± 115.7 µm, and the mean LST of the controls was 726.3 ± 79.7 µm. There was a statistically significant difference between patients and controls according to BUT (p = 0.009) and SCH (p = 0.04). However, there was no significant difference between OSDI results of patients and controls (p = 0.08). CONCLUSION: Corneal monitoring with high-resolution AS-OCT is a simple, noninvasive, useful technique for corneal scar patients. Cornea scars cause decreased ET. This result could be associated with lower tear film parameters in scar patients. The scar length is associated with higher intraocular pressure (IOP) values. Decreased LET and increased LST were detected in scar patients.

Agreement of Anterior Segment Parameters Between Schiempflug Topography and Swept-Source Optic Coherence Based Optic Biometry in Keratoconus and Healthy Subjects.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to compare anterior segment parameters, including corneal thickness (CCT), keratometry and anterior chamber depth (ACD), and white to white corneal diameter (WTW), obtained by Pentacam Schiempflug imaging and intraocular lens (IOL) Master 700 swept-source optic coherence tomography biometry in keratoconus patients and healthy subjects. METHODS: This prospective cross-sectional instrument agreement analysis includes 88 eyes of 50 keratoconus patients and 87 eyes of 50 healthy subjects. Biometry was performed using IOL Master 700, and topography was performed using Pentacam. The keratometry values (Kf, Ks, Km, and Kmax), ACD, WTW, CCT, axial length (AL), anterior chamber angle (ACA), and lens thickness (LT) were evaluated. Levels of agreement between devices were evaluated by Bland-Altman plots with 95% limits of agreement. RESULTS: Intraocular lens Master 700 showed higher WTW, ACD, pupil diameter, and CCT values than Pentacam in both the keratoconus and control groups. However, there were no statistically significant differences in flat keratometry (Kf) and steep keratometry (Ks) values between the groups. CONCLUSION: Pentacam and IOL Master 700 may be used interchangeably in normal eyes and keratoconus eyes for the measurement of keratometry values and axis; however, these two devices should not be considered interchangeable for WTW, ACD, pupil diameter, and CCT measurements in both keratoconus patients and healthy subjects.